When your facility introduces new equipment, modifies an existing process, or relocates major machinery, success isn't about getting the system running. It's about getting it running safely and in compliance with Ontario's regulations. 

That's where the Pre-Start Health & Safety Review, or PHSR, comes in. Below, we break down the 5 W's (What, Who, Why, When, and Where) to help you understand how a PHSR fits into your project and why it matters.

 

1. What is a PHSR?

A PHSR, sometimes referred to as a Pre-Start Review (PSR), is a formal engineering assessment required under Ontario Law for certain types of industrial equipment, processes, or protective elements. The purpose is simple: to verify that new or modified apparatus, structure, or processes meet all relevant health and safety standards before they are used.

At ZCS, we see the "what" as more than just a checklist. It's a detailed look at your design documentation, safety systems, and operational risks to ensure that everything about your equipment or process is ready for safe operation.

 

2. Who Must Perform it?

A PHSR must be carried out and signed by a qualified, licensed professional engineer. In very limited cases, a knowledgeable person may perform specific reviews, such as those under Trigger 8.

At ZCS, our reviews are completed by professional engineers with experience in machine safety, electrical compliance, control systems, and hazardous-location design. This gives you the assurance that your review is based on real-world engineering experience, not just paperwork.

 

3. Why Is It Required?

There are two main reasons a PHSR is required.

The first is regulatory compliance. Under the Occupational Health and Safety Act (OHSA) and Ontario Regulation 851 for industrial establishments, you are legally required to perform a PHSR under certain conditions.

The second is risk reduction and operational readiness. A PHSR helps identify hazards before equipment is put into use, which can prevent incidents, rework, and costly downtime.

At ZCS, we also see the "why" as a business advantage. A properly completed PHSR supports safer commissioning, fewer surprises during startup, and a stronger foundation for long-term operations.

 

4. When Is the Review Required?

A PHSR must be completed before equipment, structures, or processes are used, and when specific triggering conditions apply. Common examples include new or modified equipment, installation of new protective elements, or the use of lifting devices, racking systems, and dust collectors with explosion risk.

ZCS always recommends planning the PHSR early in your project schedule. Doing so during design or installation helps prevent costly delays and last-minute compliance issues once the equipment is ready to run.

 

5. Where Does It Apply and Where Can You Find More Information?

PHSRs apply to Ontario workplaces that fall under the industrial establishments regulation of the OHSA. This includes manufacturing, processing, warehousing, and facilities that handle chemicals or food products.

For official guidance, you can refer to the Ontario Ministry of Labour, Training, and Skills Development website or review Section 7 of Ontario Regulation 851, which outlines the specific situations that require a PHSR.

 

How ZCS Puts the 5 W's Into Action

We don't just talk about compliance. We make the 5 W's practical for your operation.

What: We define the exact scope of the review, outlining which systems and documents will be assessed.

Who: Our licensed engineers collaborate with our team to ensure the review is thorough and transparent.

Why: We align the review with your business priorities, including safe startup, minimal downtime, and regulatory compliance.

When: We schedule the review early to keep your project on track.

Where: We focus on the real areas of risk, whether that's a new production line, process modification, or hazardous material handlings.

 

Plan Ahead for a Safe and Compliant Startup

If you're preparing to install new equipment, modify a process, or relocate machinery, now is the time to plan your PHSR. Waiting until the final stages can lead to stress, delays, and unnecessary costs.

📞 Contact Zirconium Consultancy Services (ZCS) today to schedule your Pre-Start Health & Safety Review. Our engineers will help you determine if a PHSR applies, define the scope, complete the assignment, and deliver the sealed report you need to move forward with confidence and compliance.